Sustainable Seminar Paper

Sustainable Retailing Slide Presentation

Green Building Index

Green Building Index (GBI) can be defines as design and construction practices that significantly reduce, or eliminate the negative impact of buildings on the environment and its occupants with regard to site planning; safeguarding water use and water use efficiency; promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy; conserving materials and resources; and promoting indoor environmental quality. Green Buildings are high performance structures that also meet certain standards for reducing natural resource consumption.

“Green” or “Sustainable” buildings are characterized by:

• Efficient management of energy and water resources
• Management of material resources and waste
• Restoration and protection of environmental quality
• Enhancement and protection of health and indoor environmental quality
• Reinforcement of natural systems
• Analysis of the life cycle costs and benefits of materials and methods
• Integration of the design decision-making process 

Green Building standards include:

• Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)
• Green Globes
• Model Green Home building Guidelines
• Built Green
• Energy Star
• Living Building

Below is the Diamond Building in Putrajaya awarded as first building in Malaysia implement GBI.

Renewable Energy and Resources

Renewable energy is energy which can be obtained from natural resources that can be constantly replenished. Renewable energy technologies include technologies that use or enable the use of one or more renewable energy sources. Types of renewable energy technologies include:

• bio-energy
• geothermal energy
• hydro-power
• ocean energy
• solar energy
• wind energy

Renewable energy technologies also include hybrid and related technologies. For example technologies that:

• Store energy generated using renewable energy
• Predict renewable energy supply
• Assist in the delivery of energy generated using renewable energy technologies to energy consumers.

Below is the picture example of renewable energy (Solar, Wind and Hydro power)

Traffic Impact Assessment for Sustainable

 A traffic impact analysis is a study which assesses the effects that a particular development’s traffic will have on the transportation network in the community. These studies vary in their range of detail and complexity depending on the type, size and location of the development. Traffic impact studies should accompany developments which have the potential to impact the transportation network. They are important in assisting public agencies in making land use decisions. These studies can be used to help evaluate whether the development is appropriate for a site and what type of transportation improvements may be necessary.


Below is example of TIA map of roads and calculation.

Traffic impact studies help communities to:

• Forecast additional traffic associated with new development, based on accepted practices.
• Determine the improvements that are necessary to accommodate the new development.
• Assist communities in land use decision making.
• Assist in allocating scarce resources to areas which need improvements
• Identify potential problems with the proposed development which may influence the  developer’s decision to pursue it.
• Allow the community to assess the impacts that a proposed development may have.
• Help to ensure safe and reasonable traffic conditions on streets after the development is complete.
• Reduce the negative impacts created by developments by helping to ensure that the transportation network can accommodate the development. 
• Provide direction to community decision makers and developers of expected impacts. 
• Protect the substantial community investment in the street system.

Sustainable Tourism

Sustainable tourism can be defined as tourism that sustains or enhances the geographical character of a place-its environment, culture, aesthetics, heritage, and the well-being of its residents. For a destination to develop sustainably organizations must adopt business strategies and activities that meet the needs of the enterprise and its stakeholders today while protecting, sustaining , and enhancing human and natural resources into the future. Sustainable Development Lab (APA) said that Planning for sustainability requires a systematic, integrated approach that brings together the environmental,economic and social goals and actions directed toward the four sustainability objectives for a community.

• Reduce dependence upon fossil fuels, underground  metals, and minerals.
• Reduce dependence upon synthetic chemicals and other     unnatural substances.
• Reduce encroachment upon nature.
• Meet human needs fairly & efficiently.

Key of sustainable characteristic include;

• Capacities to understand and analyze the problems, 

• Partnering with Different resources / Organizations to find solutions, 

• Using local resources for local solutions, 

• Involving the whole community and all stakeholders with Comprehensive Participation,

• Negotiation and consensus-building from within, 

• Ability to Incorporate and adopt external resources within local contexts, 

• Respect of historical and contemporary issues. 

Governance and Sustainability

Governance can be defined as :

“The traditions and institutions by which authority in a country is exercised” – Kaufman et al

The way “ … power is exercised through a country’s economic, political, and social institutions.” – the World Bank’s PRSP Handbook.

“The exercise of economic, political, and administrative authority to manage a country’s affairs at all levels.  It comprises mechanisms, processes, and institutions through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights, meet their obligations, and mediate their differences.”  –  UNDP.

Sustainable governance can be achieved in four ways;

 Management oversight

Structure; Recognize and manage risk

Decision-making
Context;  Relevance;  Rights of shareholders; Interests of stakeholders;  Timeliness;  Inclusiveness;  Transparency.

Integrity in reporting
Materiality; Timely and balanced disclosure; Clarity;  Neutrality;  Accuracy;  Audit ability

Encourage enhanced performance
Remunerate fairly;   Providing indicators of performance.

Planning For Sustainale Development

Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development can be defined in separated ways. Development is the transformation from one level to another can enrich people's lives so it's better and diverse in material and cultural aspects, the rational and the other. Sustainable as an attempt to explain the necessary balance between economic growth and conservation of the natural environment. Sutainable development it is the process of creating a balance between economic development, community development, and ecological development. It is also a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. There are 3 key points for sustainable development

• Sustainable sources of non-renewable
• Restoration of the biosphere 
• The creation of a better society

Dimensions of Sustainable Development in Malaysia, 3 dimensions / components that interact with each other
1. Economy
Basic and profound aspects of
2. Social
Cast of characters (people), community
3. Environment
Natural resources, human capital, the largest effect

Dimensions of Sustainable Development in Malaysia 

1. Economy using a minimum of resources for economic activity or industry to get maximum results in building a sustainable economic development
2. Social
Everyone involved and work together in a healthy life in order to achieve a high quality of life

3. Environment

Although to achieve rapid development in economic and social aspects, should also maintain a natural environment for the supply of the resources used by the industry and the economy and good for human life

Universal Design

Universal design (UD) refers to the design of products and environments to be usable by all the users without any specific modifications to the design. The concept of UD is to facilitate all the consumers through product development, communication, and development environment that can be used by more users without or minimal cost. Something is said to meet the criteria of ud is a value innovation, working to solve the problem of quality, ergonomic and environmentally (ecologically). Below is picture that shown example of Universal Design.

The cup holders are perfect for Physical Handicapped one hand

 Products that do not clutter the area and easy to carry.

The clipper Pizza

Hangers and lighting installers

Sophisticated kitchen cabinets

Economic Cities and Region

City, region and economic cannot been separated. Strenght of city economic will give more economic develoment to the city so that can more evolve and getting bigger. Economic are have a strong connection with human settlement since early civilization. Start with small settlement which is have a trade between small settlement and create a new big city that combination between small settlement. This scenario also are related to modern time including Malaysia. Economic in certain area are evolve and booming and make that area are bigger and sprawl into another area. Such as in Kuala Lumpur we can see Kuala Lumpur are the city build not only by K.L but also support from Petaling Jaya, Subang Jaya, Ampang and other area that make K.L be Metropolis in Malaysia. This scenario also invite urbanization process that attaract people to come and work in the city.

Figure above shown the Malaysia Spatial Plan in Rancangan Fizikal Negara. This plan is purpose to make all region in Malaysia especially in peninsular can have same amount of economic development. So this RFN is the primary book for the goverment and planner to plan anything in the region in peninsular. This RFN also is subject to make more equitable distribution of economic in Malaysia peninsular.

Creative City

Creative city nowadays is a new approach to interpret in the town planning principle. Actually creative city principle are using in western country long ago to change their city to be creative city. Term of creative city actually are purpose to make city mo sustainable and to change a city from concrete jungle to live city with exploitation all element in the city and use the existing element to build the strength to the city. The element such as physical, art, economy and social. Normally creative city are more focused to existing situation adn scenario in the city.

Examples of creative city;

City of Film : Sydney

City of Literatur : Edinburgh

City of Design : Kobe

City of Media Arts : Lyon

City of Craft : Incheon

Penang also are plan to becoming one of the creative city. From Khazanah National Report Penang will be one of the Expert city which means have so many great people living in there. But the implementation of  this creative city would like to discriminate some people. Penang want to be expert city with full of professional living in the island and non professional are recognized to stay outsides island example all factory will move to Batu Kawan and only R&D in Bayan Lepas. So only expert people living in Penang. So this is discriminate to non professional people. Implementation of creative city need to look to all party so that sustainable can interpret to all people.

Socio-Economic Dimensions in Development

Development in the country are related with the good economy. Good economy will give good and many development in the country. Example we can see in the develop country such as Group Of Eight (G8), almost of these G8 Country have a good and great economy. Country like Japan, Germany, United Kingdom as we know is the high profile country with a good economy and have so many development. Even they develop their own country, others country especially from third world country borrow money from G8 country using for development in their country. But if we look in develop country in G8 we not only development only implication in physical development but also we can see development in their people minded as first class thinking.

 

 Good development not only base from have good standard in economy and have many development but effort to reduce socioeconomic gap between people in urban and rural. Despite achieve good economy standard and make so many development for people is one of the sustainable economy. But effort to create one community which is have an balance socioeconomic especially in the country are more to focused. This is so important in order to give every people from country which are from urban and rural area can enjoying the same amount of economy prosperity.